Contraception

 Contraception:

1. Which of the following contraceptive methods should NOT be used by a patient with coronary heart disease?

A.Combined oral contraceptive pills

B. Male condom

C. Female condom

D.Diaphragm

E. Spermicidal agent

2. Permanent sterilization include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. Vasectomy

B. Tubal ligation

C. Mirena IUCD

D. Hysterectomy

E. Bilateral salpingectomy

3. The combined contraceptive pills: Which is true?

A. Pre-dispose to pelvis inflammatory disease

B. Predispose to ovarian cyst

C. Predispose to benign breast cyst

D. Contra indicated in a patient with history of DVT

E. Failure rate is 2 per hundred woman years

4. The following is an absolute contraindications to the combined oral contraceptive pills:

A. Varicose veins

B. Previous history of viral hepatitis

C. Prosthetic heart valve

D. Diabetes mellitus

E. Age above 35 years

The absolute contraindications are the following: postpartum for less than 21 days with other risk factors for VTE, breastfeeding from less than 6 weeks postpartum, age 35 or older and smokes ≥15 cigarettes/day, vascular disease, hypertension systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg, history or acute deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE), DVT/PE and established on anticoagulant therapy, major surgery with prolonged immobilisation, migraine headaches with aura (at any age), current breast cancer, severe (decompensated) cirrhosis, malignant liver tumours, hepatocellular adenoma, known thrombogenic mutation, current and history of ischemic heart disease, stroke, complicated valvular heart disease (pulmonary hypertension, risk of atrial fibrillation, and history of subacute bacterial endocarditis), or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with positive (or unknown) antiphospholipid antibodies [18].

The Contraindications to Combined Oral Contraceptives among Reproductive-Aged Women in an Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic: A Single-Centre Cross-Sectional Study

5. The following conditions are aggravated by oral contraceptive pills

A. Hirsutism

B. Endometriosis

C. Dysmenorrhea

D. Pre-menstrual syndrome

E. Genital fungal infection

6. Regarding Intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD)

A. Reduces pelvic inflammatory disease

B. Inhibits ovulation

C. Increases incidence of endometrial cancer

D. If pregnancy occurs there is increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.

E. Failure rate is 0.1%

7. Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills contain:

A. A synthetic estrogen alone

B. A progestin alone

C. Both estrogen and progestin

D. Bromocriptine

E. Androgen

8. Mechanisms of Oral Contraceptive Pills include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Ovulation suppression

B. Enhanced ovarian androgen production

C. Altered cervical mucus

D. Altered endometrium

E. Altered tubal motility

9. Postulated mechanism of the IUCD include all of the following action EXCEPT:

A. Altered tubal motility

B. Altered endometrium

C. Altered cervical mucus

D. Cupper has spermicidal effect

E. inhibition of implantation

10. Regarding injectable progesterone contraception, all of the following is true, EXCEPT:

A. Medroxyparogesterone acetate is the most commonly used

B. May cause irregular uterine bleeding

C. May cause amenorrhea.

D. Should not be given to lactating mother.

E. Does not carry a risk of venous thrombosis.

11. With regards to contraception failure, the pearl index refers to:

A. Numbers of Pregnancies in years.

B. Number of pregnancies in 1 woman-year.

C. Number of pregnancies in 100 woman-year.

D. Number of pregnancies in 100 woman-years over pregnancy losses.

E. Number of Pregnancy losses in 100 woman-years.

12. Contraindication of OCP, EXCEPT:

A. IHD

B. Previous DVT

C. Previous CVA

D. Family Hx of Breast Carcinoma.

E. 35 Y, smokes >15 cigarette per day.

13. Combined oral contraceptive pills are associated with :

A. Dysmenorrhea

B. Menorrhagia

C. Polymenorrhoea

D. Ovarian cyst

E. Intermenstrual bleeding.

14. OCP have the following beneficial effects EXCPET :

A. Decrease endometrial cancer

B. Decrease benign breast disease

C. Decrease iron deficiency anemia

D. Decreased ovarian cancer

E. Decrease the incidence of renal failure

15. Side effect of OCP include all the following EXCEPT:

A. Break through bleeding

B. Dysmenorrhea.

C. Nausea

D. Mastalgia

E. Chloasma

16. The use of OCP reduces the risk of all the following EXCEPT:

A. Ectopic pregnancy

B. Hepatic adenoma.

C. Salpangitis

D. Ovarian cancer

E. Endometrial cancer

17. Which of the following statements regarding the use of IUCD is TRUE :

A. Most IUD were withdrawn from the market due to the financial burden

B. The Contraceptive effectiveness of IUD is similar to that of barrier methods

C. The risk of Salpangitis in IUD wearer is positively correlated with duration of use

D. Contraceptive effectiveness of copper-containing IUD is higher than that of the inert device

E. Women using progesterone containing IUD have heavier than the women using the inert device.

18. All are true regarding OCP EXCEPT :

A. Increase viscosity of cervical mucosa

B. Can cause venous thrombosis

C. Can cause mild hypertension

D. Act by preventing the ovulation

E. Usually cause amenorrhea

19. IUCD are relatively contraindicated in the following patient EXCEPT:

A. With past history of chronic Salpangitis.

B. With Submucous fibroid

C. With history of ectopic pregnancy

D. With septate uterus

E. With history of C section

20. Complication of IUCD include all the following EXCEPT:

A. Premenstrual –spotting

B. Dysmenorrheal

C. Menorrhagia

D. Pelvic infection

E. Failure rate are twice that expected in the patients taking progestin only pill.

21. Lowest pregnancy rate in 100 women using the method for 1 year :

A. IUCD

B. OCP

C. Condom

D. Diaphragm

E. Spermicidal cream

22. The use of progesterone only pills :

A. Ovulation is not regularly inhibited

B. Protection against is as good as combined pill

C. There is a risk of DVT

D. Breakthrough bleeding is rare

E. The dose of progesterone is much larger than in combined pill

23. A contraceptive method that prevent transmission of STD is:

A. Condom.

B. OCP.

C. IUCD.

D. Spermicide.

24. The goal for developing a successful contraception include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Regulate fertility.

B. Stabilize population growth.

C. Reducing maternal morbidity.

D. Diminishing the incidence.

E. Decreasing the prevalence of STD.

25. What is the effect of oral contraceptives on the incidence of DVT & embolism?

A. Decreases the incidence.

B. Doesn't affect the incidence.

C. Increases thrombosis but not pulmonary embolism.

D. Increases the incidence.

E. Increases pulmonary embolism but not deep vein thrombosis.

26. The mechanism of action of OCPs include all the following, EXCEPT:

A. Enhances ovarian androgen production.

B. Alter the cervical mucous.

C. Alter the endometrium.

D. Ovulation suppression.

E. Alter the tubal motility.

27. Postulated mechanism of action of IUD includes all the following, EXCEPT :

A. Alter the cervical mucous.

B. Alter the endometrium.

C. Inhibits fertilization.

D. Alter the tubal motility.

E. Inhibition of implantation.

28. Which of the following contraceptive methods should not be used by a patient with coronary heart disease?

A. COCP.

B. Male condoms.

C. Female condoms.

D. Diaphragm.

E. Spermicidal agent.

29. Estrogens commonly used in oral contraceptive pills include.

A. Ethinyl estradiol.

B. Ethinyl estriol.

C. Northisterone.

D. Ethisterone.

E. Estradiol valorates.

30. The use of Progesterone-only contraceptive pills is governed by the following considerations, choose the CORRECT answer:

A. Ovulation is not regularly inhibited.

B. Protection against pregnancy is as good as combined pills.

C. There is a substantial risk in older women with venous thrombus & embolism in their user.

D. Breakthrough bleeding is rare.

E. The dose of progesterone is much larger than in combined.

31. The goals for developing a successful contraceptive include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Regulating fertility.

B. Stabilizing population.

C. Reducing maternal morbidity.

D. Diminishing the incidence.

E. Decreasing the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases.

32. Regarding IUCD, all of the following are INCORRECT, EXCEPT:

A. Inhibition of ovulation is the main mechanism of action.

B. Has a failure of 6%.

C. Statistically increases the incidence of ectopic pregnancy.

D. Is commonly associated with excessive menstrual loss.

E. Not suitable for patients with previous delivery.

33. The following are known contraindications to the use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP), EXCEPT:

A. Deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

B. Active liver disease.

C. Benign intracranial hypertension.

D. Repeated LSCS.

E. Cholestasis in pregnancy.

34. The combined oral contraceptive pill, besides being used as a method of contraception, can be used to treat the following, EXCEPT:

A. Endometriosis.

B. Ovulation pain.

C. Menorrhagia.

D. Dysmenorrhea.

E. Mucinous ovarian cyst.

35. Progesterone only pills work as contraceptives by:

A. Suppressing ovulation.

B. Altering the cervical mucosa.

C. Producing endometrial hyperplasia.

D. Reducing libido.

E. Acting as a spermicide.

36. Combined oral contraceptive pills containing estrogen & progesterone produce the following effects, EXCEPT:

A. Act by preventing ovulation.

B. Can cause hypertension.

C. Can cause venous thrombosis.

D. Usually cause amenorrhea.

E. Increase the viscosity of cervical mucous.

37. Regarding Progesterone only pills preparation:

A. Affect the cervical mucous.

B. Reliably inhibit ovulation.

C. Are contraindicated in mild hypertension.

D. Are reliable as the combined preparation.

E. Are not suitable for lactating mothers.

38. Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to the use of COCP?

A. Varicose veins.

B. DM.

C. Seizure disorders.

D. Recent history of deep venous thrombosis.

E. Mild essential hypertension.

The Contraindications to Combined Oral Contraceptives

39. IUCD may prevent pregnancy by all of the following mechanism EXCEPT:

A. Creating chronic endometritis.

B. Inducing endometrial atrophy.

C. Inhibiting ovulation.

D. Altering tubal motility.

E. Destroying sperm.